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[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-95px|||||" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Electrofuels, also called e-fuels, are liquid fuels generated by storing electrical energy—typically from renewable sources—into chemical bonds. One of the most promising approaches for producing electrofuels is...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-73px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-25px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Isopropanol (IPA), also known as isopropyl alcohol, is a widely used solvent and chemical intermediate in pharmaceuticals, personal care, disinfectants, and coatings. It’s also being explored...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-59px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-30px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Methanol is a critical chemical and fuel intermediate, used in formaldehyde, plastics, fuels, adhesives, and hydrogen carriers. Traditionally produced from natural gas or coal, methanol manufacturing...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-77px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-13px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Caprolactam is the key building block for nylon-6, a widely used synthetic polymer in textiles, automotive parts, electronics, and engineering plastics. Traditionally, caprolactam is produced from...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-98px|||||" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Polyesters—widely used in textiles, packaging, and engineering plastics—are typically made from fossil-based monomers like terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. Their growing environmental impact has led to increasing...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-71px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-23px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Modern biotechnology has long relied on microbial cell factories for producing valuable chemicals, fuels, and materials. However, living cells come with constraints: toxicity limits, resource competition,...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-65px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-24px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Ethylene (C₂H₄) is the world’s most produced organic chemical, forming the backbone of plastics, solvents, textiles, and packaging. Traditionally derived from steam cracking of fossil hydrocarbons,...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-68px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-18px|||||" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Acrylic acid is a high-demand industrial monomer used in superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), paints, coatings, adhesives, and textiles. Traditionally, it is produced via the oxidation of propylene,...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-69px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction As the world transitions toward sustainable materials, biopolymers have emerged as critical alternatives to conventional plastics. They are derived from renewable biological sources and include materials like...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-69px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-22px|||||" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Butadiene is a vital building block in the chemical industry, used to make synthetic rubber (e.g., styrene-butadiene rubber), ABS plastics, nitrile gloves, and resins. Traditionally derived...