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[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-94px|||||" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a type of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) — a biodegradable polyester naturally synthesized by microorganisms as an intracellular carbon and energy storage material. Unlike petrochemical plastics, PHB...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-100px|||||" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Fumaric acid is a four-carbon unsaturated dicarboxylic acid used in food acidulants (E297), resins, polyesters, and pharmaceuticals. Conventionally produced by chemical oxidation of benzene derivatives, fumaric acid is...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-99px|||||" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Epoxy resins are widely used in coatings, adhesives, composites, electronics, and construction due to their strong chemical resistance, thermal stability, and adhesion properties. However, most epoxies are derived...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-83px|||||" custom_padding="0px|||||" global_colors_info="{}"]Succinic acid, a four-carbon dicarboxylic acid, is a high-demand platform chemical used in biodegradable plastics, coatings, solvents, and food additives. Traditionally derived from fossil fuels, its production emits significant...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_padding="0px|||||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_padding="0px|||||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_padding="0px|||||" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Itaconic acid (IA) is a renewable, bio-based organic acid gaining attention as a green alternative to petroleum-derived chemicals.It serves various applications in polymers, adhesives, coatings,...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-100px|||||" custom_padding="0px|||||" global_colors_info="{}"]Levulinic acid (C₅H₈O₃) is a versatile platform chemical finding use in biofuels, bioplastics, pharmaceuticals, solvents, and specialty chemicals like gamma-valerolactone (GVL) and MTHF. Traditionally sourced from fossil feedstocks, it's...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-56px|auto||auto||" custom_padding="5px|||||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" min_height="2968.6px" custom_padding="0px|||||" global_colors_info="{}"]Isoprene (C5H8), a volatile hydrocarbon, is a crucial precursor for synthetic rubber, adhesives, and biofuels. Traditionally sourced from petroleum, isoprene is increasingly being produced via microbial fermentation...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-75px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-21px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Organic acids like lactic acid, acetic acid, succinate, and propionate are key platform chemicals used in bioplastics, food additives, pharmaceuticals, and chemical synthesis. Conventionally produced via...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-70px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Terephthalic acid (TPA) is a cornerstone of the global plastics industry, serving as the key monomer in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) used for bottles, fibers, textiles,...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-74px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Polyisoprene is the primary polymer in natural rubber, extensively used in tires, footwear, medical gloves, adhesives, and automotive components. Traditionally sourced from the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis),...