Insights
Biotechnological Production of Biobased Polyesters
Introduction Polyesters are a major class of polymers used in packaging, textiles, automotive parts, coatings, and biodegradable plastics....
Microbial Pathways for Phloroglucinol
Introduction Phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) is a symmetrical, aromatic compound used in pharmaceuticals, dyes, explosives, adhesives, and...
Microbial Pathways for Biobased Polyurethane Precursors
Introduction Polyurethanes (PUs) are versatile polymers widely used in foams, coatings, elastomers, adhesives, and sealants, forming an integral...
Bio-based Synthesis of Lactic Acid Derivatives
Introduction Lactic acid, a naturally occurring α-hydroxy acid, is a pivotal bio-based chemical widely produced via microbial fermentation. It has...
Fermentation Pathways for 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid (4-HBA)
Introduction 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) is a versatile aromatic compound used as a preservative, polymer monomer, and pharmaceutical...
Bio-based 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid (FDCA)
Introduction 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is a top-ranked bio-based platform chemical recognized by the U.S. Department of Energy. Structurally...
Biotechnological Production of Biobased Polyamides
Introduction Polyamides, commonly known as nylons, are high-performance engineering plastics used in automotive, textiles, electronics, 3D printing,...
Biocatalytic Synthesis of Levoglucosanol
Introduction Levoglucosanol (LGA) is a promising bio-based diol derived from levoglucosenone (LGO), a chiral platform molecule obtained from...
Enzymatic Synthesis of Biobased Acrylic Acid
Introduction Acrylic acid is a vital monomer used in superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), paints, adhesives, coatings, and textiles. The global demand...
Engineered Yeast for Biobased Styrene
Introduction Styrene is a vital aromatic monomer primarily used in the production of polystyrene plastics, ABS resins, synthetic rubber, and...
Genetically Modified Yeast for Lactic Acid Production
Introduction Lactic acid is a versatile organic acid used in bioplastics (PLA), cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food preservatives. Traditionally...
Microbial Fermentation for 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid
Introduction 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is a key bio-based platform chemical recognized for its versatility in producing acrylic acid,...
Microbial Conversion of Biomass to Itaconic Acid
Introduction Itaconic acid (IA) is a promising bio-based platform chemical used in the production of biodegradable plastics, resins, adhesives,...
Bio-based Production of Succinonitrile
Introduction Succinonitrile (SN) is a versatile organic compound characterized by two nitrile groups attached to a four-carbon backbone. It serves...
Fermentative Production of Biobased Acetone
Introduction Acetone is a key industrial solvent used in plastics, paints, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, traditionally derived from...