- Introduction
- Global Market Potential
- Key Drivers of Market
- Major Producers
- Technology Providers
- Leading Innovators
- Production Processes
- Global Feedstock Options and Availability
- New technologies and Innovations
- End use Application
- Emerging and Future Opportunities
- Key Challenges
- Strategic Industry Initiatives
- Future Outlook
- Conclusion
Introduction
Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) is a bio-based and biodegradable aliphatic polyester that has emerged as one of the most promising next-generation bioplastics for sustainable manufacturing. Produced through the polycondensation of succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol (BDO), PBS combines the environmental advantages of renewable materials with mechanical properties comparable to many conventional petroleum-based plastics. Its excellent flexibility, toughness, heat resistance, and processability have made it an attractive alternative for applications where higher performance is required than that offered by traditional biodegradable polymers.
Commercially, PBS is used in packaging, agricultural films, compostable bags, food-service products, textiles, consumer goods, automotive components, and biomedical applications. This report provides a comprehensive overview of the global PBS industry, covering its market potential, production technologies, feedstocks, key players, applications, technological innovations, commercialization strategies, challenges, opportunities, and future growth prospects.
Global Market Potential
|
Parameter |
Value (2025–2026) |
|
Current Market Size |
USD 450–550 million (2025) |
|
Forecast (2030) |
USD 1.0–1.2 billion |
|
Forecast (2035) |
USD 2.0–2.5 billion (projected) |
|
CAGR |
6.5–10% (2025–2035) |
|
Global Production Capacity |
~250,000–300,000 tonnes/year, with significant expansion projects underway in Asia and Europe. |
|
Largest Producing Region |
Asia-Pacific, led by Japan, China, South Korea, and Thailand, followed by Europe. |
|
Largest End-use Sector |
Packaging, followed by Agricultural Films, Compostable Bags, Food Service Products, and Consumer Goods. |
Current Market Size
The global PBS market is estimated at USD 450–550 million in 2025. Although smaller than the PLA market, PBS is one of the fastest-growing biodegradable engineering polymers due to its superior flexibility, toughness, and heat resistance, making it suitable for applications where PLA has performance limitations.
Forecast (2030/2035)
The market is projected to exceed USD 1 billion by 2030 and could reach USD 2.0–2.5 billion by 2035. Growth will be driven by increasing demand for compostable packaging, agricultural films, biodegradable consumer products, and bio-based engineering plastics, along with greater availability of bio-based succinic acid and bio-BDO.
CAGR
PBS is expected to grow at a CAGR of approximately 6.5–10%, supported by expanding biodegradable plastics regulations, investments in renewable polymer production, and improvements in bio-based feedstock availability.
Production Capacity
Current global PBS production capacity is estimated at 250,000–300,000 tonnes per year, with several capacity expansion projects underway in China, Japan, Thailand, South Korea, and Europe. New integrated facilities producing bio-based succinic acid and PBS are expected to substantially increase global supply over the next decade.
Demand Outlook
Demand for PBS is expected to grow rapidly as industries seek biodegradable materials with better flexibility, toughness, and thermal stability than PLA. While packaging remains the largest market, the fastest-growing applications are expected in agricultural mulch films, compostable bags, food-service products, textiles, automotive interiors, biodegradable coatings, medical materials, and high-performance bio-composites. Increasing adoption of bio-based succinic acid and advances in polymer modification are expected to further strengthen PBS as a leading biodegradable engineering plastic.
Key Drivers of the PBS Market
|
Key Driver |
Impact on Market |
|
Growing Demand for High-Performance Biodegradable Plastics |
Unlike PLA, PBS offers greater flexibility, impact strength, and heat resistance, making it attractive for packaging, consumer goods, automotive, and agricultural applications where higher performance is required. |
|
Expansion of Compostable Packaging Regulations |
Regulations restricting conventional plastics in the European Union, China, Japan, South Korea, and India are accelerating the adoption of compostable materials such as PBS for bags, films, and food-service packaging. |
|
Commercial Availability of Bio-Based Succinic Acid & Bio-BDO |
Increasing production of renewable succinic acid and bio-based 1,4-butanediol (BDO) is reducing the carbon footprint of PBS while improving supply chain security and commercialization. |
|
Rapid Growth of Agricultural Mulch Films |
PBS is increasingly replacing polyethylene mulch films because it can biodegrade in soil, eliminating the need for costly collection and disposal after harvesting. This is one of the fastest-growing application areas globally. |
|
Increasing Use in Flexible Packaging & Compostable Bags |
PBS provides better flexibility and toughness than many biodegradable polymers, making it well suited for shopping bags, garbage bags, courier bags, and flexible food packaging. |
|
Development of PBS Blends & Bio-Composites |
Manufacturers are developing PBS/PBAT, PBS/PLA, and natural fiber-reinforced composites to improve mechanical properties and expand applications into automotive, consumer goods, and industrial products. |
|
Corporate Sustainability & Circular Economy Commitments |
FMCG companies, retailers, and packaging manufacturers are adopting PBS to reduce fossil plastic consumption and meet ESG targets, particularly in premium sustainable packaging segments. |
Major Producers
|
Category |
Example |
Description |
|
Major Producer |
PTT MCC Biochem |
Historically the world’s largest commercial producer of BioPBS™, operating a 20,000 tonnes/year production facility in Rayong, Thailand. The company pioneered fully integrated bio-based PBS production using renewable succinic acid and BDO, although production ceased in late 2025 following a strategic business exit. |
|
Major Producer |
Anqing Hexing Chemical |
One of China’s leading PBS manufacturers with an estimated 10,000 tonnes/year production capacity. Supplies PBS and PBS copolymers for packaging, agriculture, and biodegradable consumer products while continuing to expand its biodegradable polymer portfolio. |
|
Major Producer |
Yifan Xinfu Pharmaceutical (Xinfu Biomaterials) |
Major Chinese producer of PBS and PBSA, with commercial production capacity of approximately 20,000 tonnes/year. The company is vertically integrated from succinic acid production to biodegradable polymer manufacturing. |
|
Major Producer |
Mitsubishi Chemical Group |
Pioneer of the GS Pla™/BioPBS™ platform and an early commercializer of PBS technology. Through its partnership with PTT Global Chemical, the company played a key role in scaling commercial BioPBS production and developing high-performance biodegradable polymers for packaging and food-service applications. |
|
Major Producer |
IRE Chemical |
One of South Korea’s leading biodegradable polyester manufacturers, producing PBS and PBSA under the EnPol® brand with commercial production capacity of approximately 3,500 tonnes/year for packaging, agricultural films, and specialty biodegradable applications. |
Technology Providers
|
Category |
Example |
Description |
|
Technology Provider |
Mitsubishi Chemical Group (Japan) |
Developer of the proprietary BioPBS™ technology platform, integrating bio-based succinic acid, bio-based 1,4-butanediol (BDO), PBS polymerization, and application development. The company pioneered commercial PBS technology and continues to support industrial deployment through technology partnerships and licensing. |
|
Technology Provider |
Sulzer (Switzerland) |
Supplies advanced continuous polymerization reactors, devolatilization systems, static mixing technology, separation equipment, and process engineering used in the manufacture of biodegradable polyesters such as PBS. Sulzer’s technologies improve polymer quality, energy efficiency, and production scalability. |
|
Technology Provider |
thyssenkrupp Uhde (Germany) |
Provides engineering, procurement, plant integration, and process design for bio-based chemical and biodegradable polymer facilities, supporting large-scale PBS projects through fermentation, purification, polymerization, and utilities integration. |
|
Technology Provider |
PTT Global Chemical (Thailand) |
Through its BioPBS™ platform, the company developed integrated technologies combining renewable succinic acid production, bio-BDO, PBS polymerization, and commercial application development for packaging, agriculture, and consumer products, demonstrating one of the industry’s first fully integrated bio-based PBS value chains. |
Leading Innovators
|
Category |
Example |
Description |
|
Leading Innovator |
Novamont (Italy) |
A global innovator in biodegradable polymers that incorporates PBS chemistry into its Mater-Bi® platform. The company has pioneered PBS-based compostable agricultural films, food-service products, and circular bioeconomy solutions supported by an extensive patent portfolio. |
|
Leading Innovator |
Kingfa Sci. & Tech. (China) |
One of China’s leading innovators in biodegradable plastics, developing PBS-based compounds, PBS/PBAT blends, and reinforced biodegradable materials for packaging, agriculture, consumer goods, and industrial applications. The company focuses on improving mechanical performance while lowering production costs through advanced compounding technologies. |
Production Processes
Conventional Production
Commercial PBS is produced through the polycondensation of succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol (BDO). The monomers undergo esterification to form oligomers, followed by melt polycondensation under high temperature and vacuum to produce high-molecular-weight PBS. Conventional PBS is typically manufactured using petrochemical succinic acid and BDO, although the industry is increasingly shifting toward renewable alternatives.
Bio-based Production
Bio-based PBS is produced using bio-succinic acid obtained through microbial fermentation of renewable sugars and bio-based 1,4-butanediol (bio-BDO) produced via fermentation or catalytic conversion of biomass-derived intermediates. The renewable monomers are polymerized using the same industrial polycondensation process, resulting in PBS with properties equivalent to conventional grades but with a significantly lower carbon footprint.
Microbial Production Pathway
The biological stage focuses on producing bio-succinic acid, the key renewable monomer for PBS. Microorganisms such as Actinobacillus succinogenes, Mannheimia succiniciproducens, Basfia succiniciproducens, engineered Escherichia coli, and Corynebacterium glutamicum ferment glucose and other sugars into high-purity succinic acid. Bio-based BDO is produced either through microbial fermentation or catalytic conversion of renewable succinic acid and other biomass-derived intermediates.
Process Flow
Commercial PBS production begins with the fermentation of renewable sugars to produce bio-succinic acid, followed by purification and recovery. Bio-based or conventional 1,4-butanediol (BDO) is then combined with succinic acid through esterification to form oligomers. The oligomers undergo melt polycondensation under high temperature and reduced pressure to produce high-molecular-weight PBS. The polymer is subsequently pelletized and processed into films, fibers, injection-molded products, packaging materials, agricultural films, and biodegradable consumer products.
Feedstocks
|
Feedstock |
Commercial Usage |
|
Glucose (Corn Starch) |
Primary feedstock for industrial bio-succinic acid fermentation |
|
Sugarcane |
Major renewable feedstock for bio-succinic acid production in Brazil and Southeast Asia |
|
Sugar Beet |
Widely used for succinic acid fermentation in Europe |
|
Cassava (Tapioca) |
Important starch source for bio-based succinic acid production in Asia |
|
Molasses |
Low-cost sugar source used for industrial fermentation of succinic acid |
|
Lignocellulosic Biomass |
Agricultural residues and woody biomass under development for second-generation bio-succinic acid production |
|
Bio-based 1,4-Butanediol (BDO) |
Renewable co-monomer used for fully bio-based PBS production |
Key Microbes
|
Microorganism |
Role |
|
Actinobacillus succinogenes |
The most widely used industrial microorganism for producing high-yield bio-succinic acid, the primary monomer for PBS. |
|
Mannheimia succiniciproducens |
Efficient producer of succinic acid with high carbon conversion efficiency and industrial relevance. |
|
Basfia succiniciproducens |
Commercially important strain capable of producing high concentrations of bio-succinic acid from renewable sugars. |
|
Engineered Escherichia coli |
Metabolically engineered to produce high-purity succinic acid from glucose, glycerol, and lignocellulosic hydrolysates. |
|
Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Engineered strains are increasingly used for sustainable succinic acid production with improved productivity and reduced by-product formation. |
Feedstock Options and Global Availability
|
Feedstock |
Description |
Global Availability & Key Regions |
Advantages |
Disadvantages |
|
Corn Starch |
The most widely used feedstock for producing bio-succinic acid, which is subsequently polymerized with BDO to manufacture PBS. |
Abundant in USA, China, Brazil, and Argentina. |
Mature fermentation technology, high sugar yield, and well-established supply chain. |
Competes with food production and is subject to commodity price fluctuations. |
|
Sugarcane |
Rich source of fermentable sugars used for industrial production of bio-succinic acid. |
Major production in Brazil, India, Thailand, Australia, and Colombia. |
High fermentation efficiency, renewable, and relatively low processing cost. |
Seasonal availability and land-use concerns. |
|
Sugar Beet |
Sucrose-rich feedstock widely used in Europe for fermentation-based succinic acid production. |
Predominantly available in France, Germany, Poland, Russia, and the USA. |
High sugar content and established agricultural infrastructure. |
Seasonal harvesting and regional availability. |
|
Cassava (Tapioca) |
Starch-rich crop increasingly used in Asia as an alternative carbohydrate source for bio-succinic acid production. |
Abundant in Thailand, Vietnam, China, Indonesia, and Nigeria. |
Low-cost feedstock with high starch content and good fermentation performance. |
Variable starch quality and lower agricultural productivity than sugarcane. |
|
Molasses |
A by-product of sugar refining containing fermentable sugars suitable for microbial succinic acid production. |
Widely available in India, Brazil, Thailand, Pakistan, and South Africa. |
Low-cost, supports waste valorization, and improves process economics. |
Variable composition and impurities require additional purification. |
|
Lignocellulosic Biomass |
Agricultural residues such as corn stover, rice straw, wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse, and forestry residues converted into fermentable sugars through pretreatment and hydrolysis. |
Abundant globally, particularly in North America, Europe, China, India, and Brazil. |
Non-food feedstock, abundant, improves sustainability, and reduces lifecycle carbon emissions. |
Requires complex pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and higher capital investment. |
New Technologies & Innovations
|
Technology |
Description |
TRL Level |
Advantages |
Disadvantages |
Example |
|
Fully Bio-based PBS (Bio-Succinic Acid + Bio-BDO) |
Production of PBS using 100% renewable monomers derived from microbial fermentation, eliminating dependence on petrochemical succinic acid and BDO. |
8–9 |
Lower carbon footprint, renewable feedstocks, and improved sustainability. |
Bio-BDO remains more expensive and has limited commercial availability. |
Mitsubishi Chemical Group and PTT Global Chemical pioneered commercial BioPBS™ production. |
|
PBS Blends & High-Performance Composites |
PBS is blended with PLA, PBAT, PHA, cellulose fibers, bamboo fibers, and nanocellulose to improve strength, flexibility, barrier properties, and heat resistance for demanding applications. |
8–9 |
Expands applications into automotive, packaging, agriculture, and consumer goods. |
Increased formulation complexity and higher material costs. |
Kingfa Sci. & Tech. develops advanced PBS-based biodegradable compounds for industrial applications. |
|
Chemical Recycling of PBS |
Advanced depolymerization technologies recover succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol from post-consumer PBS, enabling closed-loop production of new polymer. |
6–8 |
Supports circular economy, reduces waste, and decreases dependence on virgin feedstocks. |
Commercial infrastructure is still emerging and recycling costs remain relatively high. |
Fraunhofer IAP is developing recycling technologies for biodegradable polyesters, including PBS. |
|
Second-Generation Feedstocks |
Uses lignocellulosic biomass, agricultural residues, food-processing waste, and industrial by-products to produce bio-succinic acid and bio-BDO instead of food-based sugars. |
6–8 |
Reduces food-feed competition and improves lifecycle sustainability. |
Biomass pretreatment and sugar recovery remain technically challenging. |
NREL and Wageningen University & Research are developing biomass-based PBS production pathways. |
Emerging & Future Applications
|
Application Area |
Future Opportunity |
Description |
Example / Current Development |
|
Automotive Interior Components |
Lightweight Biodegradable Engineering Plastics |
High-performance PBS composites reinforced with natural fibers, glass fibers, and mineral fillers are being developed for dashboards, door panels, trim components, and interior parts to replace petroleum-based plastics. |
Mitsubishi Chemical Group is developing engineering-grade BioPBS™ compounds for automotive applications. |
|
Flexible Electronics & Consumer Goods |
Bio-based Engineering Materials |
Heat-resistant PBS blends are being explored for electronic housings, wearable devices, small appliances, and durable consumer products where flexibility and toughness are required. |
Kingfa Sci. & Tech. is developing PBS engineering compounds for electronics and consumer products. |
|
Advanced Biomedical Materials |
Regenerative Medicine & Drug Delivery |
PBS is being investigated for tissue engineering scaffolds, bioresorbable implants, controlled drug-release systems, vascular grafts, and wound-healing materials due to its excellent biocompatibility and controlled degradation rate. |
Universities and biomedical companies are developing next-generation PBS medical devices. |
|
Marine Biodegradable Plastics |
Marine-Safe Packaging & Fishing Gear |
PBS is being developed for fishing nets, aquaculture equipment, marine packaging, and coastal applications where controlled biodegradation can reduce long-term plastic pollution. |
Research programs in Japan and South Korea are evaluating marine-biodegradable PBS formulations. |
|
High-Barrier Sustainable Packaging |
Next-Generation Food Packaging |
Advanced PBS composites incorporating nanocellulose, nanoclays, and bio-based coatings are being developed to improve oxygen and moisture barrier properties, extending food shelf life while maintaining compostability. |
Fraunhofer IAP and industrial partners are developing high-performance PBS packaging systems. |
|
Chemical Recycling & Circular Manufacturing |
Closed-Loop PBS Economy |
Emerging depolymerization technologies will recover succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) from post-consumer PBS, enabling repeated production of virgin-quality polymer and reducing dependence on fossil resources. |
Fraunhofer IAP is advancing recyclable biodegradable polyester technologies. |
|
Sustainable Agriculture |
Smart Agricultural Inputs |
PBS is being developed for controlled-release fertilizer coatings, biodegradable irrigation components, seed coatings, nursery pots, and precision agriculture products that degrade naturally after use. |
Agricultural polymer manufacturers are expanding PBS-based biodegradable farming products. |
|
Bio-Composites for Construction & Industrial Products |
Sustainable Structural Materials |
PBS reinforced with natural fibers, wood flour, bamboo, or agricultural residues is being explored for lightweight panels, furniture, building materials, and industrial components with improved durability and lower environmental impact. |
Research institutions and polymer manufacturers are developing high-strength PBS bio-composites for industrial applications. |
Key Challenges
1. High Production Cost Compared with Conventional Plastics
PBS remains more expensive than commodity plastics such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) because of the high cost of bio-succinic acid, bio-based 1,4-butanediol (BDO), and polymerization. Although production costs are declining, price competitiveness remains a major barrier to widespread adoption.
Example: Mitsubishi Chemical Group continues to optimize production processes and increase manufacturing scale to improve the cost competitiveness of BioPBS™.
Location: Japan
2. Limited Availability of Bio-Based BDO
While renewable succinic acid is increasingly available, bio-based 1,4-butanediol (BDO) remains limited in commercial supply and is more expensive than its petrochemical counterpart. This restricts the production of fully bio-based PBS and increases dependence on fossil-derived BDO.
Example: Several producers are investing in fermentation-based and catalytic bio-BDO technologies to strengthen the renewable PBS value chain.
Location: Global
3. Competition from Other Biodegradable Polymers
PBS competes directly with PLA, PBAT, PHA, starch blends, and conventional plastics, each offering different combinations of cost, performance, and biodegradability. Manufacturers must clearly demonstrate PBS’s advantages in flexibility, toughness, and heat resistance to justify its higher price.
Example: Kingfa Sci. & Tech. develops PBS blends and compounds that improve performance while maintaining cost competitiveness.
Location: China
4. Composting & Waste Management Infrastructure
Although PBS is biodegradable and industrially compostable, many regions lack adequate industrial composting facilities, collection systems, and waste segregation. Without appropriate end-of-life infrastructure, PBS may enter conventional plastic waste streams, reducing its environmental benefits.
Example: European countries continue expanding industrial composting capacity as part of broader circular economy initiatives.
Location: Europe
5. Limited Consumer Awareness & Market Acceptance
Compared with PLA, PBS remains relatively unknown among consumers, brand owners, and converters. Limited awareness of its performance advantages and fewer commercial product offerings slow adoption in sectors beyond packaging and agriculture.
Example: Biopolymer manufacturers are collaborating with packaging companies and retailers to demonstrate PBS performance and expand commercial applications.
Location: Global
Strategic Industry Initiatives
Biopolymer Manufacturers
Expansion of Global PBS Production Capacity
Leading manufacturers are expanding commercial PBS production facilities to meet growing demand for biodegradable packaging, agricultural films, and engineering bioplastics. New investments are focused on increasing production efficiency while lowering manufacturing costs through larger integrated plants.
Example: Mitsubishi Chemical Group continues expanding the commercialization of BioPBS™ through global manufacturing partnerships and application development.
Location: Japan
Transition to Fully Bio-Based PBS
Manufacturers are investing in the production of renewable succinic acid and bio-based 1,4-butanediol (BDO) to produce 100% bio-based PBS with a significantly lower carbon footprint than conventional grades.
Example: PTT Global Chemical developed an integrated renewable BioPBS™ value chain combining bio-succinic acid and PBS production.
Location: Thailand
Packaging & Consumer Goods Industry
Replacement of Conventional Flexible Plastics
Packaging companies are increasingly replacing polyethylene (PE) and other conventional flexible plastics with PBS in shopping bags, food packaging, paper coatings, compostable films, and food-service products to comply with sustainability regulations.
Example: Kingfa Sci. & Tech. continues expanding PBS-based flexible packaging materials and biodegradable consumer products.
Location: China
Development of High-Performance Biodegradable Compounds
Manufacturers are developing PBS/PLA, PBS/PBAT, and fiber-reinforced PBS composites to improve flexibility, impact strength, barrier properties, and heat resistance for industrial applications.
Example: Novamont integrates PBS into its Mater-Bi® biodegradable polymer platform to improve performance across packaging and agricultural products.
Location: Italy
Technology & Innovation
Commercialization of Chemical Recycling
Companies and research institutions are developing technologies that recover succinic acid and BDO from post-consumer PBS, enabling closed-loop recycling and reducing dependence on virgin raw materials.
Example: Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP) is developing recycling technologies for biodegradable polyesters, including PBS.
Location: Germany
Development of Next-Generation Feedstocks
Industry leaders are investing in lignocellulosic biomass, agricultural residues, industrial by-products, and waste-derived sugars to produce renewable succinic acid while reducing dependence on food-based feedstocks.
Example: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is developing integrated biomass conversion technologies for renewable succinic acid production.
Location: United States
Governments & Research Organizations
Support for Compostable & Bio-Based Plastics
Governments are implementing policies that restrict single-use plastics while promoting biodegradable polymers through plastic reduction strategies, circular economy programs, and green procurement initiatives, creating favorable market conditions for PBS.
Example: The European Commission supports biodegradable plastics through the Circular Economy Action Plan, Single-Use Plastics Directive, and the EU Bioeconomy Strategy.
Location: European Union
Advanced Polymer Research & Industrial Collaboration
Research institutes and industrial partners are accelerating the development of high-performance PBS composites, marine-biodegradable materials, advanced polymer processing, and recyclable biodegradable plastics to expand PBS into high-value engineering applications.
Example: Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP) leads the RUBIO program to develop advanced PBS materials from renewable feedstocks and scale them for commercial production.
Future Outlook
Technology Roadmap
The future of PBS will be driven by fully bio-based monomer production (bio-succinic acid and bio-BDO), high-performance polymer blends, chemical recycling, advanced bio-composites, and second-generation biomass feedstocks. Future manufacturing facilities are expected to integrate renewable feedstocks, fermentation, polymerization, and circular recycling systems to produce high-performance biodegradable polymers with significantly lower carbon footprints.
Five-Year Outlook (2025–2030)
Over the next five years, PBS production capacity is expected to expand significantly, particularly in Asia-Pacific, Europe, and North America. Packaging and agricultural films will remain the largest markets, while demand will increase for compostable food-service products, flexible packaging, textiles, and consumer goods. Continued improvements in polymer properties and greater availability of bio-based succinic acid are expected to reduce production costs and accelerate commercial adoption.
Ten-Year Outlook (2030–2035)
By 2035, PBS is expected to become one of the leading biodegradable engineering polymers, expanding beyond packaging into automotive components, electronics, construction materials, medical devices, and advanced industrial applications. Commercial availability of fully bio-based PBS, combined with chemical recycling and high-performance composite technologies, will improve both sustainability and competitiveness against conventional engineering plastics.
Conclusion
Polybutylene succinate (PBS) is emerging as one of the most promising high-performance biodegradable polymers, combining excellent mechanical properties with increasing renewable content and industrial scalability. Its superior flexibility, toughness, and heat resistance enable applications that extend beyond conventional biodegradable plastics, particularly in packaging, agriculture, automotive, healthcare, and consumer goods.PBS is well positioned to become a key engineering biopolymer supporting the transition toward a circular, low-carbon bioeconomy.
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