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[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-71px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-25px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is a highly versatile C3 platform chemical with applications in biodegradable plastics, acrylic acid, solvents, and specialty chemicals. Traditionally, 3-HP is synthesized from...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-76px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Isosorbide is a renewable, rigid, and thermally stable bicyclic diol derived from glucose. It plays a key role in the production of bioplastics (like polyethylene isosorbide terephthalate,...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-76px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0" inline_fonts="Abyssinica SIL"]Introduction Epoxides are reactive three-membered cyclic ethers that serve as versatile intermediates in the production of plastics, resins, adhesives, surfactants, and pharmaceuticals. Among them, ethylene oxide,...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-68px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-28px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) are essential platform chemicals used in polyesters, nylons, resins, adhesives, and pharmaceuticals. Common DCAs include adipic acid, succinic acid, itaconic acid, and muconic...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-95px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_padding="0px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Glycolic acid is a small organic acid (C₂H₄O₃) widely used in cosmetics, biodegradable polymers (like PGA), food processing, leather treatment, and cleaning agents. Traditionally produced via...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-63px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-37px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Furanics are a class of oxygenated heterocyclic compounds derived from biomass sugars, offering great potential as building blocks for fuels, solvents, polymers, and pharmaceuticals. Key examples...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-59px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-38px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Levulinic acid (LA) is a versatile C5 platform chemical, recognized by the US Department of Energy as one of the top bio-based building blocks. Derived from...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-100px|auto||auto||" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Polyesters are a major class of polymers used in packaging, textiles, automotive parts, coatings, and biodegradable plastics. Traditionally derived from petroleum-based monomers such as terephthalic...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-69px|auto||auto||" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" custom_margin="-31px|||||" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) is a symmetrical, aromatic compound used in pharmaceuticals, dyes, explosives, adhesives, and as a precursor for specialty resins and biopolymers. Traditionally produced via harsh...

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" global_colors_info="{}"][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.24.1" _module_preset="default" custom_margin="-96px|||||" hover_enabled="0" global_colors_info="{}" sticky_enabled="0"]Introduction Polyurethanes (PUs) are versatile polymers widely used in foams, coatings, elastomers, adhesives, and sealants, forming an integral part of industries like automotive, construction, and furniture. Traditionally, PU...