by | Jul 29, 2025 | Bio Based Pathways, Uncategorized
Introduction Methane (CH₄), the primary component of natural gas and a potent greenhouse gas, is widely available from sources like natural gas reservoirs, biogas, landfills, and agriculture. While its combustion is a major energy source, direct conversion of methane...
by | Jul 8, 2025 | Uncategorized
Introduction Polyesters are a major class of polymers used in packaging, textiles, automotive parts, coatings, and biodegradable plastics. Traditionally derived from petroleum-based monomers such as terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, conventional polyester...
by | Jul 8, 2025 | Uncategorized
Introduction Phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) is a symmetrical, aromatic compound used in pharmaceuticals, dyes, explosives, adhesives, and as a precursor for specialty resins and biopolymers. Traditionally produced via harsh chemical processes like...
by | Jul 8, 2025 | Uncategorized
Introduction Polyurethanes (PUs) are versatile polymers widely used in foams, coatings, elastomers, adhesives, and sealants, forming an integral part of industries like automotive, construction, and furniture. Traditionally, PU synthesis involves fossil-derived...
by | Jul 8, 2025 | Uncategorized
Introduction Lactic acid, a naturally occurring α-hydroxy acid, is a pivotal bio-based chemical widely produced via microbial fermentation. It has gained prominence as a green platform molecule for synthesizing numerous derivatives used in bioplastics (PLA), solvents,...
by | Jul 8, 2025 | Uncategorized
Introduction 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) is a versatile aromatic compound used as a preservative, polymer monomer, and pharmaceutical intermediate. Structurally, it consists of a benzene ring with a hydroxyl group at the para position and a carboxylic acid group....
